铸铁平板的连接壁圆角重要性
时间：2016/2/20 8:49:47
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铸铁平板壁的连接设计是否正确，对防止铸铁平板产生缩孔、缩松、变形、裂纹及粘砂等缺陷和提高铸铁平板铸件质量都有很大的影响。设计中注意以下几方面：
1、铸铁平板的壁间链接处都应有铸造圆角。无圆角结构铸铁平板，在直角处铸铁积聚，热节圆比别处大，易产生缩孔和缩松，且内侧转角处应力集中严重，易产生裂纹。此外，灰铁金属易产生柱状晶体，在直角处晶体直交，晶体间的结合力薄弱，铸铁平板转角处力学性能下降，更促进了裂纹的产生。圆角还有利于造型，避免铸型尖角损坏而形成砂眼，使铸铁平板美观。
2、为了减少热节，避免铸件产生缩孔、缩松等缺陷，铸铁平板上筋板的连接应尽量避免交叉。筋板的连接应采用环形接头。
3、厚壁与薄壁间的链接要逐步过渡，设计铸铁平板铸件时，当壁厚不能保证均匀时，厚壁与薄壁的连接应采用逐步过渡的方法，以避免产生应力集中和裂纹。壁厚均匀的细长铸铁平板和较大的铸铁平板铸件等刚度较差的铸件和壁厚不均匀的机床床身类铸件，均易产生变形。设计这类铸铁时，将截面设计成对称形状，或加助板提高刚度结构方式，可以防止变形。
Importance of
Connecting Wall Corner of Cast Iron Plate
Whether the
connection design of cast iron plate wall is correct or not has a great
influence on preventing defects such as shrinkage, shrinkage, deformation,
crack and sand sticking in cast iron plate and improving the quality of cast
iron plate casting. The following aspects should be paid attention to in the
design:
1. Cast round
corners should be found at the wall links of cast iron slabs. Non-fillet
structure cast iron plate, cast iron accumulates at right angle, the hot spot
circle is larger than other places, easy to produce shrinkage and porosity, and
the stress concentration at the inner corner is serious, easy to produce
cracks. In addition, gray iron is prone to produce columnar crystals. The
crystals are orthogonal at right angles, the bonding force between crystals is
weak, and the mechanical properties of cast iron plate at corner are reduced,
which further promotes the crack generation. Round corners are also conducive
to the shape, avoid the damage of the sharp corners of the casting and form
sand holes, so that the cast iron plate is beautiful.
2. In order to
reduce hot spot and avoid shrinkage and porosity, the connection of ribs on
cast iron plate should avoid crossing as far as possible. Ring joints shall be
used for the connection of stiffeners.
3. The
connection between thick wall and thin wall should be transited step by step.
When the thickness of cast iron slab castings is not uniform, the connection
between thick wall and thin wall should be transited step by step to avoid
stress concentration and cracks. Slender cast iron slab with uniform wall
thickness and larger cast iron slab with poor stiffness and machine tool body
castings with uneven wall thickness are prone to deformation. When designing
this kind of cast iron, the deformation can be prevented by designing the cross
section into a symmetrical shape or by increasing the stiffness of the
reinforcement plate.
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